After thorough field testing, this practical and field-based ethical framework can be widely used by donor agencies, M&E teams, institutional review boards and ethics committees. A case study is discussed in this context. This proposed theoretical framework can act as the blueprint for building the capacity of ethics committees to review M&E proposals. You may have heard some of these terms used in different combinations perhaps the most common of these is M&E (monitoring and evaluation), although it’s common also to see MEL and MER. A theoretical framework for ethical considerations is proposed in this paper. MERL is an acronym for four related elements of project design and implementation: M onitoring, E valuation, R eporting, and L earning. There is a need to institutionalise the ethical review of M&E proposals. There are several ethical frameworks in public health, but none focusing on the monitoring and evaluation process. Some of the key ethical considerations are avoiding conflicts of interest, maintaining independence of judgement, maintaining fairness, transparency, full disclosure, privacy and confidentiality, respect, responsibility, accountability, empowerment and sustainability. Since M&E is the backbone of public health programmes, ethical considerations are important in their conduct. Monitoring and evaluation (M&E) is an essential part of public health programmes.
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